Jun. 23, 2025
Apparel
Abstract: The invention of the sports bra by Lisa Lindahl, Hinda Miller, and Polly Palmer Smith in is a pivotal moment in women’s history: it not only influenced women’s stylistic choices in clothing, but also critically impacted their participation in athletics. These women were frustrated with the lack of support their regular brassieres offered for running and took it upon themselves to solve the issue. Lindahl’s husband pulled a jockstrap around his chest, and although this was intended as a joke, it inspired the first sports bra: the Jockbra (later renamed as the Jogbra), which resembled two jockstraps sewn together. As an object, the sports bra is able to inform the viewer about the culture surrounding it: of athleticism, femininity, technology, fashion, and business. A material culture analysis of the original Jogbra patent, fabric choices for sports bras, the evolution of the sports bra, advertisements, and the photograph of Branti Chastain’s victory in the Women’s Soccer World Cup will be utilized to understand how the sports bra impacts women’s broader experiences in society. Gender equality in athletics has been typically overlooked in academic scholarship and this paper intends to show the relevance of sports for women’s history through an analysis of the development of the sports bra. Although sports bras have been sexualized and presumed to be trivial by the media and general public because of their role as undergarments, the sports bra revolutionized women’s participation in athletics.
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Keywords: women’s history, Title IX, sports bra, fashion history, athletic history
The invention of the sports bra by Lisa Lindahl, Hinda Miller, and Polly Palmer Smith not only influenced women’s clothing choices, but also critically impacted women’s participation in sports. It importantly demonstrated a move away from women’s brassieres being made by men and based on societal ideals, to the creation of functional garment designed by women to solve practical problems in athletics. The sports bra creation and evolution can instruct the viewer about the culture of the 20th century because it is located at the intersection of athleticism, femininity, technology, fashion, and business. Paul R. Joseph argues that the sports bra is an important technological accomplishment, and as a result, historians cannot look at it “in isolation, but must consider the messy interaction of engineering, scientific, financial, governmental, consumer, and social institutions in giving impetus – or creating obstacles” to the distribution of the sports bra in American culture.[1]
This article is a material culture analysis of the sports bra that will be completed through an examination of the design structure, physical object, and material fabrics used in the creation of the first sports bra, the Jogbra. Additionally, an examination of advertisements produced by Jogbra Inc. will illustrate how these campaigns were practical and women-centered, unlike other advertisements which preyed on women’s anxieties about their femininity and athleticism. The analysis will expand to demonstrate how important events in women’s athletics were impacted by the invention of the sports bra, such as the passing of Title IX in and the Women’s Soccer World Cup Final in . Although sports bras have been sexualized and presumed to be trivial by the media and the public because of their role as undergarments, the sports bra ultimately revolutionized women’s participation in athletics.
Incorporating a material culture perspective into studies of history is vital as it illustrates cultural change “through its capacity to embody symbolic values,” as well as reinforce those values in the consumer.[2] The choice to acquire, use, or discard an item can demonstrate the consumer’s values. Clothing, in particular, is a fascinating facet of material culture studies. Diana Crane and Laura Bovone argue that clothing functions as a “vehicle for socialization and social control or, alternatively, for liberation from cultural constraints.”[3] The choices one makes in what they wear symbolizes the culture that surrounds them, by either demonstrating how they were socialized to make these choices or how they use fashion to reject popular trends. Additionally, the choices made by individuals on what clothing to wear “both affect and express our perceptions of ourselves.”[4] Because of their association with a sense of self, clothing can reveal to historians the personal values of individuals within a society.
Societal expectations may have characterized the sports bra as a trivial piece of clothing, yet it can demonstrate women’s complex experience of society. In Clothing as Material Culture, Daniel Miller argues that because clothing can be perceived as a simplistic covering of another object, it can be “easily characterized as intrinsically superficial.”[5] Undergarments, like brassieres and sports bras, are further characterized as trivial because they are often hidden from view, underneath other layers of clothing. However, if one explores the literature about the history of brassieres, it is clear that feminine undergarments are vital to studying women’s history.[6] Jane Farrell-Beck and Colleen Gau argue in Uplift: The Bra in America, that brassieres can reveal history through demonstrating how women’s social status has changed: “underclothes have been modified in accordance with changing fashions, hygienic concepts, textile production, manufacturing techniques, and commercial distribution.”[7] Scholars have often characterized brassieres as objects of seduction, glamour, and oppression, which can make their research lose “sight of the key people and events in the development of the brassiere as a material and social artifact.”[8] However, the three women who invented the sports bra took control of their own athletic endeavors which allowed the object to be studied as an artifact of revolution rather than seduction or oppression.
Brassieres historically lacked support for female athletes. Hinda Miller, one of the three inventors of the sports bra, emphasized how physically uncomfortable regular bras were for physical activity, “Our breasts jiggled uncomfortably when we ran. Our nipples became sore from chafing against our sweaty t-shirts.”[9] Women’s breasts made athletic activity physically painful because breasts are “sacks of fat and connective tissue that move independently from the rest of the body, with no muscle or bone to halt motion.”[10] If a woman wears nothing or just a regular bra, their breasts will bounce and cause genuine pain. Jaime Schultz details how women attempted to solve this issue and reduce the motion in breasts during physical activity. This action dates back to Ancient Greece where the Amazons were rumored to have cut off their right breast in order to improve their skills in archery. Similarly, Violette Gouriand-Morris, a French athlete, chose to have a double mastectomy in because she felt her breasts impeded her ability to control the steering wheel of her racing car.[11] These extreme measures were not typical, but breasts were often bound by women with cloth or leather to minimize movement. In , Roberta (Bobbi) Gibb ran the Boston Marathon and wore a tank top bathing suit because she felt she had no other option.[12] As these examples show, the lack of a bra that was specifically designed for athletic activity caused women to take matters into their own hands, sometimes in drastic manners.
An increased interest in running swept the United States in the s, changing the athletic endeavor from an activity that was only in the domain of competitive athletes to a hobby of the general public.[13] In the s, the country was also in the midst of the second wave of feminism and as a result, “the running boom created new avenues for women to enhance and build up their community solidarity.”[14] There was no training required to be a runner; therefore, running became a social activity that groups of women could participate in together easily. In , Lisa Lindahl was a serious runner who was frustrated by the lack of support her regular bra offered. Lindahl was a graduate student at the University of Vermont and to brainstorm a solution to her dilemma she approached her childhood friend, Polly Smith, who worked as a costume designer. Smith invited Hinda Miller, who was working that summer as her assistant costume designer, to the project.[15] Together, the three women were determined to solve the issues that ordinary brassieres caused during physical activity.
The inspiration for the sports bra emerged as a joke. Lindahl’s husband interrupted one of their brainstorming meetings and pulled a jockstrap over his head and around his chest.[16] Although he simply meant to make the group laugh, the three women were inspired by the utility of jockstraps for male athletes and applied its concept for female athletes. Miller stated, “what we really need to do is what men have been doing: pull everything close to the body.”[17] The first sports bra resembled the look of two jockstraps sewn together.[18] The oval pouches of the jockstrap became the front of the bra, the waistband became the elastic around the torso, and the leg straps became the shoulder straps.[19] To avoid discomfort, all the seams were placed on the outside.[20] This would eliminate the straps rubbing against the wearer which would otherwise result in chafing the skin. Lindahl, Miller, and Smith originally named this contraption the “Jockbra” in honor of the inspiration, but eventually the name became “Jogbra.”[21]
Jogbra Inc. was founded in . It became the first women-owned sporting goods business in the United States.[22] Although the three inventors had little business experience prior to this endeavor, they persisted. The patent for the product was received on November 20, , and the trademark for the brand was obtained on August 17, . Jogbra Inc. utilized important research that allowed them to create comfortable and lightweight bras that were also supportive of physical activity.[23] The important fabrics that were employed to achieve this goal were cotton, polyester, and Lyrca, which provided comfort, strength, and support.[24] The patent describes the distinct design of their innovative product, which they identified as “the first athletic supporter for women.”[25] The goal of the product was to keep the athlete’s breasts held firmly against her body to diminish movement and increase comfort. Additionally, the Jogbra supported athletic activity through its sweat-absorbing fabric and straps that did not slide off the shoulder, no matter how forceful the athletic activity the wearer engaged in. A unique feature of Jogbra’s design was that it involved no hardware, such as clasps and hooks, that would have decreased comfort for the user.[26] Instead, the product prioritized securing the breasts through material and structure choices. The support for the chest in a sports bra comes from four main points in the structure: the elastic shoulder straps, the cups, the elastic chest band, and the wings.[27] Overall, Lindahl, Miller, and Smith stated that the Jogbra’s “main uniqueness is its ability to ‘bind’ – to hold the breasts firmly against the body – while remaining comfortable and lightweight.” [28] As a result of this unique design, the patent was approved and their idea for the invention was protected.
An important characteristic of the sports bra is that it was created by women, for women. Josephson argued that “unlike the first bra which had been a male fantasy of the female body with form coming before function,” the sports bra prioritized function over all other qualities.[29] Brassieres had developed to “emphasize curves and breast size” because of this historical prioritization of aesthetic form over comfort.[30] Lindahl, Miller, and Smith did not invent the sports bra with the desirability of men in mind. In fact, Lindahl was quoted to have said it was not attractive at all, “but I didn’t care. And the women who were buying it didn’t care.”[31] Women were simply excited to have the opportunity to run without worrying about pulling their bra straps up for support and to avoid terrible comments from men about their breasts when they ran down the street. Johnson argues that technology which has been created for women has typically been male-dominant in its development, which can create “barriers to safer devices and appropriate technologies.”[32] The birth control pill is an illustrative example of how technology that was developed by men was detrimental to women’s experiences with the product. Science and technology have historically privileged men, making “the woman the invisible ‘other.’”[33] The development of the sports bra departed from this male-dominated narrative because women produced the technology themselves, solving issues of discomfort and support they had experienced first-hand.
Changes in the material of intimate apparel, more generally, demonstrate women’s overarching concern of having durable athletic garments. Winnie Scherer emphasizes the intrinsic and extrinsic features of material when women purchase undergarments in Advances in Women’s Intimate Apparel Technology. Intrinsic features concern the functional properties of the fabric and extrinsic features include the price of the object and the brand which manufactured it.[34] The versatility in the material properties of brasseries is important because the objects need to “have easy-care properties, be lightweight, be comfortable, provide freedom of movement, be durable, and even have antibacterial or anti-odor properties.”[35] Companies that manufacture materials that have been employed for these uses include Nylstar, Invista, Toray, and Lenzing. Cotton was used for undergarments because it retained moisture to maintain body heat. Sweat, however, cannot quickly evaporate from the fabric which can make the wearer uncomfortable. If sweat is unable to escape, it can linger on the skin making the wearer feel sticky. Synthetic fibers emerged to combat these problems. They have dry-fit functions that expel perspiration quickly from the fabric when it comes into contact with skin.[36] The emerging variations in brassiere material demonstrated a focus on athletic wear, which allowed for companies like Jogbra Inc. to focus their innovation on the design.
Over time, Jogbra Inc. began to introduce new iterations to their initial sports bra. The company asserted that it had the “important belief that no matter what the woman’s age or shape, she had the right to the benefit of exercise.”[37] A sports top was developed by Jogbra Inc. quickly after the sports bra because they understood that not all women wanted to show off their abdomen. Additionally, they wanted to create aesthetically pleasing sports bras because they knew that some users would want to remove their shirt and just wear the sports bra. Color became an important extrinsic quality of the sports bra and as a result Jogbra Inc. quickly introduced spring, summer and fall designs for consumers.[38] Additionally, more women were exercising which raised demand for the sports bra. As a result of the company’s success, Playtex Apparel purchased Jogbra Inc. in . A year later, Sara Lee Corporation bought Playtex and Jogbra Inc. was subsumed by Champion Sportswear.[39] Other companies were inspired by the revolution the Jogbra brought to the athletic industry and followed suit with their own designs for sports bras. Nike introduced its first women’s athletic wear line, which included sports tops, in .[40] The company continued to revolutionize the sports bra and began studying breast motion in female athletes in the Nike Sports Research Lab during the s.[41] Their research led to the first compression sports bra in and a no-seams bra called the Nike Revolutionary Support in . The Nike Revolutionary Support sports bra introduced encapsulation to sports bras. Instead of compressing the breasts to the chest, encapsulation lifted and supported the breasts because it was built to meet the size and shape of the breast.[42] The evolution of the sports bra demonstrates how it was a groundbreaking invention in athletics that gave women the ability to increase their comfort while exercising. Additionally, variations in sports bra design provided an opportunity for women to incorporate stylistic preferences in clothing in a new way that merged function and aesthetics.
Advertisements are key aspects of material culture studies. Advertisements can be distributed through magazines, catalogues, and television programs which “disseminate images of clothing more widely than the products they depict.”[43] The public is more likely to see an advertisement for a sports bra than see someone wear one, especially because sports bras are typically hidden beneath other layers of clothing. Additionally, brands can “transmit sets of values that imply an ideology and specific lifestyles” through their advertisements, demonstrating what they want the public to perceive about their product.[44] Jogbra Inc. advertisements for their sports bras often depicted personal values of health and physical activity. A tagline from Jogbra Inc. promotional material asserted that “no man-made sporting bra can touch it,” which emphasized how the Jogbra is a women-centered product created by women. [45] Jogbra Inc. centered their advertisements around women’s experiences; they explained how the seams prevent chafing and cut away from nipples to avoid irritation, and how the shoulder straps ensure there is “no more hunching your shoulders to hold up your sports bra.”[46] Jogbra Inc. advertisements also focused on inclusivity. As illustrated in Figure 3, the Sportshape bra was designed for “larger breasted women, and women of all sizes.”[47] Separating from the original sports bra design, the Sportshape had a baseball cup design similar to a traditional bra that was stated to have “less bounce to the ounce!” for women with larger breasts who may have been uncomfortable with the tight support of a traditional sports bra.[48] Another advertisement created by Jogbra Inc. depicted co-inventors Hinda Schreiber and Lisa Lindahl on a run wearing their Jogbras. It aimed to invite all women to join in their run with the tagline: “Get ready for a run with Jogbra!” [49] Overall, the advertisements created and disseminated by Jogbra Inc. focused on demonstrating the product’s functionality and practicality. These advertisements also established that the sports bra was created to be inclusive of all women, no matter their size, athletic ability, or aesthetic preferences. The sports bra became vital to society because of its functionality to all women. This pragmatic approach to advertising showed how the Jogbra improved upon previous brassieres in a way that made physical activity more accessible for women.
Not all advertisements for sports bras empowered their audience. Schulz analyzed an advertisement for Champion’s “New Shape Bra,” a new sports bra that was created with a “unique cup design that eliminates ‘uniboob’ by delivering comfortable support with the most natural shape and definition possible.”[50] A uniboob is when a woman’s breasts are compressed together and flattened to the chest, which gives the appearance of a singular, undifferentiated breast. A uniboob contrasts with what is socially desired, a full and round set of breasts. Champion attempted to heighten anxiety in women over the possibility of having a uniboob in order to increase the sales of their new sports bra design. This advertisement by Champion escalates women’s existing insecurities over their bodies. This increased body insecurity could negatively impact female participation in athletics. While the original Jogbra Inc. advertisements appealed to female athleticism and promoted the sports bra as a functional tool to make exercise more accessible and enjoyable, the later Champion advertisements attempted to make the consumers insecure over their bodies by introducing worries over a uniboob. The first sports bra was created to solve the issues women felt while participating in sports and this message was communicated clearly through their advertisements. Champion’s advertisement exploited and created new anxieties for women by making the sports bra less about function and more about how the sports bra could give women the bodily aesthetics that align with societal ideals.
The introduction of the commercial sports bra by Jogbra Inc. had a vital impact on the participation of women in sports. Miller, co-inventor of the Jogbra, was quoted to have said, “sports bras now generates $500 million at retail and is recognized as having as big a role as Title IX in increasing women’s participation in sports and fitness.”[51] Title IX of the Education Amendments was passed in , which states, “no person in the United States shall, on the basis of sex, be excluded from participation in, be denied the benefits of, or be subjected to discrimination under any education program or activity receiving Federal financial assistance.”[52] Educational issues that fall under Title IX include recruitment, admissions, financial assistance, athletics, treatment of pregnant students, and sex-based harassment. Title IX applies to any institution that receives funding from the federal education department, which currently includes 16,500 school districts, 7,000 universities and colleges, as well as libraries and museums.[53] The scope of Title IX is far and wide. It is clear that Title IX had important consequences on women’s participation in athletics over the years after its implementation. In , which was close to the twenty-five-year anniversary of Title IX, there was an eightfold increase in girls’ participation in high school athletics with 2.4 million girls participating. Additionally, women’s participation in collegiate sports increased by 400 percent in the twenty-five-year period.[54] However, compared to men’s participation rates, women still were behind in : 39 percent of high school athletes and 37 percent of collegiate athletes were women.[55]
The number of women as key officials in sports has decreased inversely to the increase in participation. Schulz argues that there is an “inversely proportional relationship between women’s gains in participation and their roles as key functionaries.”[56] In when Title IX was passed, women made up more than 90 percent of administrators for women’s sports programs, but by it was an all-time low of 17.4 percent.[57] Women’s roles as coaches for women’s teams also reached an all-time low in , with 45.6 percent female coaches compared to the above 90 percent in .[58] These numbers come from a longitudinal study of intercollegiate sports produced by R. Vivian Acosta and Linda Jean Carpenter and funded by Brooklyn College of CUNY and the Smith College’s Project on Women and Social Change. Data was collected through mailed questionnaires to Senior Women Administrators at NCAA schools. An updated report was published in , with thirty-seven years of data. Since the report, there were improvements in the athletics job market for women. There was the highest ever number of assistant coaching and athletic training employment opportunities for women at this time.[59] Although women were given more chances to participate in coaching, they were still not respected in the eyes of men who dominated the sports industry. Women are not given the opportunity to coach ‘respected’ men’s programs. In the report, it states that 2 to 2.5 percent of men’s programs were coached by women, which is a negligible increase from .[60]
The lack of women coaches for men’s teams and the decreasing numbers of women coaches for women’s teams may demonstrate the respectability that Title IX brought to women’s athletics. If women’s sports programs were to be better established and funded, men were brought in as key functionaries instead of women. Despite key improvement because of Title IX in student and collegiate participation, “women continued to suffer from lack of opportunity, compensation, and exposure in the sports-media-commercial complex.”[61] Though rates were still significantly lower than men’s, Title IX had an undeniable and positive impact on women’s participation in athletics. As a result, these new women athletes created a new demand for sports equipment to fit their needs and the sports bra helped meet and grow this need.
The Women’s Soccer World Cup was another key event that emphasized the importance and controversial nature of the sports bra for female athletes. Schulz argued that “even in the face of such widespread promotion and popularity, one could argue it was the World Cup that served as the sports bra’s coming out party.”[62] The championship match between the United States and China was tied after “120 minutes of spectacular scoreless action” and became a penalty shoot-out to determine the world champions.[63] After nine women from both teams evened the score to 4-4, Brandi Chastain on Team USA clinched victory for the United States team.[64] In a moment of pure joy, Chastain stripped off her jersey and raised her fists in victory. This exposed her sports bra to all the spectators in the arena, as well as the rest of the world through distributed images in the media. This moment of celebration not only captured the attention of the American public in real-time because of their victory, but it was also immortalized for various conflicting reasons. Sports Illustrated editor William Colson described the image as “the greatest picture of a sports bra in the history of publishing,” praising the photo for the attention it caused in regard to her clothing and body, rather than the athletic achievement it should represent.[65] In the media, the moment was described as a “striptease,” a “provocative gesture,” and “the most brazen bra display this side of Madonna.”[66] These descriptions suggest that a portion of the American public believed that she had the “deliberate intention of titillating onlookers” through removing her jersey, instead of viewing it as a moment of pure joy.[67] Schulz argues that the sexualization of Chastain’s celebration suggests that “the promise of bodily displays made women’s athletics enticing to otherwise uninterested sports fans.”[68] Chastain’s celebration drew the attention of the public because of the presumed inherent sexuality embodied in a woman wearing a sports bra and not because of the feat of athletic achievement she just accomplished. Even though the sports bra was created as a practical solution to discomfort in athletics, society found a way to sensationalize women’s bodies through the sports bra. Women’s participation, although increasing, continued to be trivialized in the perception of the public.
Chastain’s moment of celebration was not unprecedented because male athletes often remove their shirts in celebration of victory. The practice of removing one’s shirt following victory is most prominent in soccer, so Chastain’s action should not have been perceived as out of the ordinary for the sport. She was wearing a bra and was not exposing her bare breasts to the public, yet she was discriminated against for the same action done by men simply because she was a woman. Schulz argues that the discrimination was not a result of “whether female athletes should have the same public disrobing rights as male athletes, but, rather, what is made of those athletes once their tops come off.”[69] Men’s celebrations of victory were perceived as pure celebrations, but women’s celebrations were sexualized because of their bodies being on display.
The reactions to Chastain’s moment of celebration, therefore, illustrate societal issues between femininity and athletics. Schulz argues that Chastain demonstrates the tensions between women’s advancement in sports and how the rest of society attempted to keep their advancements in check.[70] There were conflicting representations of Chastain and her celebration in the media, where she was framed as either a “triumphant athlete,” the “poster girl for the success of Title IX,” the model of “changing feminine ideals,” a “corporate shill,” or a “scheming opportunist.”[71] The public struggled in their interpretations of this moment and what it meant for a woman to display herself only in a sports bra. The American public could not simply acknowledge Chastain’s achievements as an athlete without also drawing attention to her existence as a sexualized being. This sexualization occurred even though the sports bra was created by women to ease their discomfort in athletic activity. Schulz argues that this moment emphasized “notions of women’s sexual difference and positioned their bodies as sexualized objects” in the media and during athletics.[72] Despite these diverse reactions, Chastain’s celebration following her achievement at the World Cup was still a moment that gave female athletes empowerment and autonomy in their femininity.
The use of the sports bra has changed throughout time and during the s it became acceptable to wear the sports bra alone. This growing acceptability of the sports bra as outerwear is attributed to Chastain’s celebration. Mike May, from the Sporting Goods Manufacturers Association, stated that Chastain “made it okay for women to wear sports bras without anything else on top.”[73] The sports bra, therefore, can serve a multitude of purposes. It can be a piece of sports equipment, a type of lingerie, and a subversive fashion statement. The sports bra worn alone became a symbol of agency in the new millennium, as it was a “disavowal of traditional prudery that consigned the brassiere to underwear and a public declaration” of one’s identity as an athlete or ‘workout woman.’[74] Wearing a sports bra alone was a public statement that a woman had control over her own body, and it was an attempt to push back against how the sports bra was perceived by the public. Over time, women’s sports garments have become increasingly normalized and entrenched in society. This can be seen in modern fashion. The current athleisure trend in the United States where women wear athletic clothes for leisure activities has added a new trendiness to the sports bra. This increase in consumption, where some women wear sports bras as everyday apparel, has expanded innovation in the design of sports bras. As a result, more clothing and athletic companies see the utility in offering sports bras options to their consumers. The widespread popularity of sports bras has allowed technological developments from high-end athletic brands to trickle down to affordable brands so that women can buy their sports bras at companies like Target.[75]
In conclusion, there have been many contributions to the perception of the modern-day sports bra. The running craze of the s and Title IX both helped increase female participation in sports and, as a result, there was a greater societal need for women’s options in athletic brassieres. The response to Brandi Chastain’s celebration at the Women’s World Cup demonstrated how public perception has inherently sexualized the sports bra, but the modern athleisure fashion trend currently reveals how women push back against societal assumptions by using the functional sports bra as an aesthetic fashion choice. Although the original Jogbra Inc. prototype initially began as a joke of using jockstraps for female issues, many other companies saw the opportunity for consumers and were inspired to create sports bras with innovative features like no-sew and encapsulation. The sports bra was initially a product designed by women, for women; it was a functional piece of material culture that solved issues women had historically experienced in sports and helped to increase women’s athletic participation.
This initial aim of the sports bra is clearly reflected in the advertising centered around women’s experiences and inclusivity. However, as the sports bra became more popular, advertising goals changed and preyed on women as consumers by using their vulnerability and insecurities to sell their product. As the sports bra became widespread in society, its original intention to uplift women was co-opted to increase sales through new marketing tactics. Despite changes in the physical design of sports bras that increased function and comfort, the continued trivialization of female athleticism persisted. Moments like Chastain stripping off her jersey to expose her sports bra while celebrating a World Championship demonstrate how women are deeply sexualized in American culture, even in their athletic pursuits. Although women in have attempted to fight back against this sexualization through wearing sports bras alone as part of the athleisure movement, there is still a long way to go. Despite these longstanding issues of trivialization and sexualization of women in sports, the sports bra fundamentally reshaped how women could participate in athletics by making them feel welcome in pursuing sports, as well as improving their comfort overall while participating.
Endnotes
[1] Paul R. Josephson, Fish Sticks, Sports Bras, and Aluminum Cans: The Politics of Everyday Technologies, (Baltimore: Johns Hopkins University Press, ), 4.
[2] Diana Crane and Laura Bovone, “Approaches to Material Culture: The Sociology of Fashion and Clothing.” Poetics (Amsterdam) 34, no. 6 (), 320.
[3] Crane and Bovone , 320.
[4] Crane and Bovone , 321.
[5] Daniel Miller, “Introduction,” in Clothing as Material Culture, ed. Susanne Küchler and Daniel Miller, (Oxford, UK: Berg, ), 2-3.
[6] See also important scholarship on the history of brassiere: Jane Farrell-Beck and Colleen Gau, Uplift: The Bra in America, (Philadelphia: University of Pennsylvania Press, ); Wendy A. Burns-Ardolino, Jiggle: (re)shaping American Women, (Lanham, MD: Lexington Books, ); Béatrice Fontanel, Support and Seduction: The History of Corsets and Bras, (New York, N.Y: Abrams, ); and Amber J. Keyser, Underneath It All: a History of Women’s Underwear, (Minneapolis: Twenty-First Century Books, ).
[7] Jaime Schultz, “A Cultural History of the Sports Bra,” in Qualifying Times: Points of Change in U.S. Women's Sport, (University of Illinois Press, ), 151.
[8] Jane Farrell-Beck and Colleen Gau, Uplift: The Bra in America, (Philadelphia: University of Pennsylvania Press, ), xi
[9] Josephson , 34.
[10] Ariella Gintzler, “We’re in the Middle of a Sports-Bra Revolution,” Outside Magazine, March 5, , https://www.outsideonline.com//sports-bra-design-revolution.
[11] Schultz , 151.
[12] Schultz , 152. Bobbi Gibb ran the Boston Marathon unofficially in because women were not permitted to race until .
[13] Aaron L. Haberman, “Thousands of Solitary Runners Come Together: Individualism and Communitarianism in the s Running Boom,” Journal of Sport History 44, no. 1 (), 36.
[14] Haberman , 44
[15] Josephson , 33.
[16] Josephson , 34.
[17] Schulz , 152.
[18] The cross-strap design persists in sports bra to this day, as a result.
[19] Schultz , 152.
[20] Josephson , 34.
[21] Schultz , 152
[22] Lauren Emanuel, “Establishing the New Fit,” United States Patent and Trademark Office, https://www.uspto.gov/learning-and-resources/journeys-innovation/field-stories/establishing-new-fit.
[23] Josephson , 6.
[24] Josephson , 35.
[25] “Jogbra, Inc. Records,” National Museum of American History.
[26] “Jogbra, Inc. Records,” National Museum of American History.
[27] Josephson , 40.
[28] “Jogbra, Inc. Records,” National Museum of American History.
[29] Josephson , 34.
[30] Josephson , 34.
[31] Gintzler , “We’re in the Middle of a Sports-Bra Revolution.”
[32] Josephson , 44.
[33] Josephson , 35.
[34] Winnie Sherer, Advances in Women’s Intimate Apparel Technology, (Amsterdam, Netherlands: Woodhead Publishing, ), 37.
[35] Scherer , 3.
[36] Scherer , 7.
[37] Josephson , 38.
[38] Josephson , 38.
[39] Allison Keyes, “How the First Sports Bra Got Its Stabilizing Start,” Smithsonian Magazine, March 18, , https://www.smithsonianmag.com/smithsonian-institution/how-first-sports-bra-got-stabilizing-start-//.
[40] Josephson , 39.
[41] Josephson , 39.
[42] Josephson , 39.
[43] Crane and Bovone , 322.
[44] Crane and Bovone , 322.
[45] “Promotional Literature,” Collections, National Museum of American History https://americanhistory.si.edu/collections/search/object/NMAH.AC._ref173.
[46] “Promotional Literature,” National Museum of American History.
[47] Jogbra, Inc. “Less Bounce to the Ounce!,” , advertisement, Science History Institute, Philadelphia, https://digital.sciencehistory.org/works/qn59q408f.
[48] Jogbra, Inc. “Less Bounce to the Ounce!”
[49] “Promotional Literature,” National Museum of American History.
[50] Schultz , 160.
[51] Josephson, Fish Sticks, Sports Bras, and Aluminum Cans, 55.
[52] “Title IX and Sex Discrimination,” United States Department of Education, https://www2.ed.gov/about/offices/list/ocr/docs/tix_dis.html.
[53] “Title IX and Sex Discrimination.”
[54] Schultz , 155.
[55] Schultz , 155.
[56] Schultz ,155.
[57] R. Vivian Acosta and Linda Jean Carpenter, “Women in Intercollegiate Sport: A Longitudinal Study (),” 9.
[58] Acosta and Carpenter, “Women in Intercollegiate Sport (),” 5.
[59] R. Vivian Acosta and Linda Jean Carpenter, “Women in Intercollegiate Sport: A Longitudinal Study (),” B and C.
[60] Acosta and Carpenter, “Women in Intercollegiate Sport (),” A.
[61] Schultz , 155.
[62] Schultz , 154.
[63] Schultz , 149.
[64] Schultz , 149.
[65] Schultz , 166.
[66] Schultz , 158.
[67] Schultz , 158.
[68] Schultz , 158.
[69] Schultz , 157.
[70] Schultz , 157.
[71] Schultz , 157.
[72] Schultz , 150.
[73] Schultz , 158.
[74] Schultz , 158.
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Acosta, R. Vivian and Linda Jean Carpenter. “Women in Intercollegiate Sport: A Longitudinal Study—Thirty-Seven Year Update, -.” http://www.acostacarpenter.org/%20Status%20of%20Women%20in%20Intercollegi ate%20 Sport%20-37%20Year%20Update%20-%-%20.pdf
Cooky, Cheryl and Michael A. Messner. "Women, Sports, and Activism." In No Slam Dunk: Gender, Sport, and the Unevenness of Social Change, 70-90. New Brunswick; Camden; Newark; New Jersey; London: Rutgers University Press, .
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Emanuel, Lauren. “Establishing the New Fit.” United States Patent and Trademark Office. https://www.uspto.gov/learning-and-resources/journeys-innovation/fieldstories/establishing-new-fit (accessed April 30, ).
Farrell-Beck, Jane, and Colleen Gau. Uplift: The Bra in America. Philadelphia: University of Pennsylvania Press, .
Gintzler, Ariella. “We’re in the Middle of a Sports-Bra Revolution.” Outside Magazine. March 5, . https://www.outsideonline.com//sports-bra-design-revolution.
Haberman, Aaron L. "Thousands of Solitary Runners Come Together: Individualism and Communitarianism in the s Running Boom." Journal of Sport History 44, no. 1 (): 35-49.
Josephson, Paul R. Fish Sticks, Sports Bras, and Aluminum Cans: The Politics of Everyday Technologies. Baltimore: Johns Hopkins University Press, .
Allison Keyes. “How the First Sports Bra Got Its Stabilizing Start.” Smithsonian Magazine, March 18, . https://www.smithsonianmag.com/smithsonian-institution/how-first-sports-bra-got- stabilizing-start-//.
Messner, Michael A. "Center of Attention: The Gender of Sports Media." In Taking the Field: Women, Men, and Sports, 91-134. University of Minnesota Press, .
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Sports gear and activewear continues to rise in popularity as people indulge in healthier lifestyles. Activewear is now often designed to allow for unhindered mobility in order to improve sporting performance and protect the wearer from sports-related injuries. Sports bras are meant to support the soft tissues of the breasts and control breast motion, which is aggravated during strenuous activities.
Sports bras, in contrast to conventional bras, provide additional covering, giving the breasts enough support as well as the confidence to bend, jump, or twist. A sports bra is seen as a technologically advanced garment and manufacturers are introducing enhanced features and unique fabric technology to improve the product, which is expected to bolster the sports bra market growth.
A sports bra is typically considered ideal for sweaty workouts and sporting activities. It has recently gained popularity as a high-fashion product. Sturdier, more comfortable, well-supported, and moisture-absorbing sports bras are designed to support the breasts while engaging in any physical activity.
Wearing a sports bra has numerous advantages because it not only provides comfort but also promotes style and confidence, making an ensemble a fashion hit. Making a statement with a low neckline, crop, or tank top is now considered a style quotient.
Sports bras have become an essential part of millennial ensembles. Sports bra protects the body from long-term injury and provides uncompromising support and comfort.
Attribute Detail DriversIncrease in participation of women in sporting and athletic activities is driving the sports bra industry growth. According to Olympic data, the participation of women athletes in Olympics is approaching 50 percent. Furthermore, the Olympics are including women’s events in order to encourage the participation of women in sports.
The increase in women’s sports participation is also influenced by broader social and cultural shifts toward gender equality and the promotion of healthy lifestyles. Public and private sector initiatives encouraging women to take up sports and fitness activities have contributed to this trend.
Sports organizations, schools, and community programs are increasingly providing opportunities and resources specifically for female athletes, which boosts the demand for appropriate sportswear.
Sports bras offer considerable advantages keeping in mind the problems faced by women wearing normal bras. Sports bras are crafted from highly breathable fabrics and mesh fabrics and are available in different trims that add style to the garment.
They are crafted with high-end fabrics to achieve moisture wicking properties. Sports bras decrease movement and prevent injuries while the wearer is engaged in sports activities. Therefore, it is expected that the demand for sports bras will witness steady rise during the forecast period and propel the sports bra market value.
An important driver of growth in the sports bra market is the rise in awareness of the health benefits associated with wearing sports bras during physical activity. The ability to reduce breast movement is among the most prominent advantages of wearing a sports bra. A sports bra provides a more supportive sensation than a standard bra.
Wearing one while working out ensures that the breasts do not bounce and remain stable during the workout. Breast muscle ligaments can stretch out and lose form, resulting in drooping or sagging breasts. Also, ligament rips are irreparable and might create early form abnormalities in younger women.
Sports bras are intended to provide support and stability while exercising, as well as retain the shape of the breast. Traditional bras often have various forms of support systems, such as hooks and elastics that impede the healthy flow of blood. This is one of the reasons why physicians and professionals recommend using a sports bra instead of a standard bra.
Fabric technology has advanced to the point where there are various moisture-wicking bras that can absorb perspiration from the body. Such bras can promote airflow to the skin, keeping it cool and dry throughout the day. Thus, the health related benefits are expected to boost the sports bra market development.
According to the latest sports bra market analysis, Asia Pacific accounts for a major share in terms of both volume and value, due to a combination of cultural, economic, and technological factors.
The region places a strong emphasis on fitness and an active lifestyle, driven by the growth in popularity of various sports and fitness activities. This cultural shift is mirrored in widespread media representation and endorsement of women athletes, further enhancing the demand for sports bras.
Detailed profiles of companies are provided in the sports bra market report to evaluate their financials, key product offerings, recent developments, and strategies. Most companies that manufacture sports bras are spending significantly on comprehensive R&D activities, primarily to develop innovative products.
Expansion of product portfolios, and mergers & acquisitions are the key strategies adopted by manufacturers in the industry. Leading players are also following the latest sports bra industry trends to avail lucrative revenue opportunities.
Lululemon Athletica Inc., HanesBrands Inc., Calvin Klien Inc., Decathlon SA, Jockey International Inc., Nike Inc., Adidas AG, Puma SE, Under Armour Inc., Gap Inc. are the prominent sports bra market manufacturers.
Each of these players has been profiled in the sports bra market research report based on parameters such as company overview, financial overview, business strategies, product portfolio, and business segments.
It was valued at US$ 14.7 Bn in
It is estimated to grow at a CAGR of 6.5% from to
Surge in women’s sports participation, and health associated benefits of sports bras
Based on type, the non-padded sports bras segment contributed the highest share in
Asia Pacific accounted for about 41% share in
Lululemon Athletica Inc., HanesBrands Inc., Calvin Klien Inc., Decathlon SA, Jockey International Inc., Nike Inc., Adidas AG, Puma SE, Under Armour Inc., and Gap Inc.
1. Preface
1.1. Market Definition and Scope
1.2. Market Segmentation
1.3. Key Research Objectives
1.4. Research Highlights
2. Assumptions
3. Research Methodology
4. Executive Summary
5. Market Overview
5.1. Introduction
5.2. Market Dynamics
5.2.1. Drivers
5.2.2. Restraints
5.2.3. Opportunities
5.3. Key Trends Analysis
5.3.1. Demand Side Analysis
5.3.2. Supply Side Analysis
5.4. Key Market Indicators
5.5. Porter’s Five Force Analysis
5.6. Value Chain Analysis
5.7. PESTEL Analysis
5.8. Material Analysis
5.9. Standards and Regulations
5.10. Global Sports Bra Market Analysis and Forecast, -
5.10.1. Market Value Projections (US$ Mn)
5.10.2. Market Volume Projections (Million Units)
6. Global Sports Bra Market Analysis and Forecast, by Type
6.1. Sports Bra Market Size (US$ Mn and Million Units), By Type, -
6.1.1. Padded Sports Bras
6.1.2. Non-Padded Sports Bras
6.2. Incremental Opportunity Analysis, by Type
7. Global Sports Bra Market Analysis and Forecast, by Wiring
7.1. Sports Bra Market Size (US$ Mn and Million Units), By Wiring, -
7.1.1. Underwired
7.1.2. Wire free
7.2. Incremental Opportunity Analysis, by Wiring
8. Global Sports Bra Market Analysis and Forecast, by Fastening Type
8.1. Sports Bra Market Size (US$ Mn and Million Units), By Fastening Type, -
8.1.1. Back Fastening
8.1.2. Front Fastening
8.1.3. Overhead
8.2. Incremental Opportunity Analysis, by Fastening Type
9. Global Sports Bra Market Analysis and Forecast, by Material
9.1. Sports Bra Market Size (US$ Mn and Million Units), By Material, -
9.1.1. Cotton
9.1.2. Spandex
9.1.3. Polyester
9.1.4. Nylon
9.1.5. Others (Lycra, etc.)
9.2. Incremental Opportunity Analysis, by Material
10. Global Sports Bra Market Analysis and Forecast, by Age Group
10.1. Sports Bra Market Size (US$ Mn and Million Units), By Age Group, -
10.1.1. Under 20 Years
10.1.2. 20 - 40 Years
10.1.3. 40 - 60 Years
10.1.4. Above 60 Years
10.2. Incremental Opportunity Analysis, by Age Group
11. Global Sports Bra Market Analysis and Forecast, by Distribution Channel
11.1. Sports Bra Market Size (US$ Mn and Million Units), By Distribution Channel, -
11.1.1. Online
11.1.1.1. E-commerce Websites
11.1.1.2. Company-owned Websites
11.1.2. Offline
11.1.2.1. Hypermarket/Supermarket
11.1.2.2. Brand Stores
11.1.2.3. Other Retail Stores
11.2. Incremental Opportunity Analysis, by Distribution Channel
12. Global Sports Bra Market Analysis and Forecast, by Region
12.1. Sports Bra Market Size (US$ Mn and Million Units), By Region, -
12.1.1. North America
12.1.2. Europe
12.1.3. Asia Pacific
12.1.4. Middle East & Africa
12.1.5. South America
12.2. Incremental Opportunity Analysis, by Region
13. North America Sports Bra Market Analysis and Forecast
13.1. Regional Snapshot
13.2. Key Trend Analysis
13.3. Market Share Analysis (%)
13.4. Demographic Overview
13.5. Consumer Buying Behavior Analysis
13.6. Price Trend Analysis
13.6.1. Weighted Average Selling Price (US$)
13.7. Sports Bra Market Size (US$ Mn and Million Units), By Type, -
13.7.1. Padded Sports Bras
13.7.2. Non-Padded Sports Bras
13.8. Sports Bra Market Size (US$ Mn and Million Units), By Wiring, -
13.8.1. Underwired
13.8.2. Wire free
13.9. Sports Bra Market Size (US$ Mn and Million Units), By Fastening Type, -
13.9.1. Back Fastening
13.9.2. Front Fastening
13.9.3. Overhead
13.10. Sports Bra Market Size (US$ Mn and Million Units), By Material, -
13.10.1. Cotton
13.10.2. Spandex
13.10.3. Polyester
13.10.4. Nylon
13.10.5. Others (Lycra, etc.)
13.11. Sports Bra Market Size (US$ Mn and Million Units), By Age Group, -
13.11.1. Under 20 Years
13.11.2. 20 - 40 Years
13.11.3. 40 - 60 Years
13.11.4. Above 60 Years
13.12. Sports Bra Market Size (US$ Mn and Million Units), By Distribution Channel, -
13.12.1. Online
13.12.1.1. E-commerce Websites
13.12.1.2. Company-owned Websites
13.12.2. Offline
13.12.2.1. Hypermarket/Supermarket
13.12.2.2. Brand Stores
13.12.2.3. Other Retail Stores
13.13. Sports Bra Market Size (US$ Mn and Million Units), By Country, -
13.13.1. U.S.
13.13.2. Canada
13.13.3. Rest of North America
13.14. Incremental Opportunity Analysis
14. Europe Sports Bra Market Analysis and Forecast
14.1. Regional Snapshot
14.2. Key Trend Analysis
14.3. Market Share Analysis (%)
14.4. Demographic Overview
14.5. Consumer Buying Behavior Analysis
14.6. Price Trend Analysis
14.6.1. Weighted Average Selling Price (US$)
14.7. Sports Bra Market Size (US$ Mn and Million Units), By Type, -
14.7.1. Padded Sports Bras
14.7.2. Non-Padded Sports Bras
14.8. Sports Bra Market Size (US$ Mn and Million Units), By Wiring, -
14.8.1. Underwired
14.8.2. Wire free
14.9. Sports Bra Market Size (US$ Mn and Million Units), By Fastening Type, -
14.9.1. Back Fastening
14.9.2. Front Fastening
14.9.3. Overhead
14.10. Sports Bra Market Size (US$ Mn and Million Units), By Material, -
14.10.1. Cotton
14.10.2. Spandex
14.10.3. Polyester
14.10.4. Nylon
14.10.5. Others (Lycra, etc.)
14.11. Sports Bra Market Size (US$ Mn and Million Units), By Age Group, -
14.11.1. Under 20 Years
14.11.2. 20 - 40 Years
14.11.3. 40 - 60 Years
14.11.4. Above 60 Years
14.12. Sports Bra Market Size (US$ Mn and Million Units), By Distribution Channel, -
14.12.1. Online
14.12.1.1. E-commerce Websites
14.12.1.2. Company-owned Websites
14.12.2. Offline
14.12.2.1. Hypermarket/Supermarket
14.12.2.2. Brand Stores
14.12.2.3. Other Retail Stores
14.13. Sports Bra Market Size (US$ Mn and Million Units), By Country, -
14.13.1. Germany
14.13.2. U.K.
14.13.3. France
14.13.4. Italy
14.13.5. Spain
14.13.6. The Netherlands
14.13.7. Rest of Europe
14.14. Incremental Opportunity Analysis
15. Asia Pacific Sports Bra Market Analysis and Forecast
15.1. Regional Snapshot
15.2. Key Trend Analysis
15.3. Market Share Analysis (%)
15.4. Demographic Overview
15.5. Consumer Buying Behavior Analysis
15.6. Price Trend Analysis
15.6.1. Weighted Average Selling Price (US$)
15.7. Sports Bra Market Size (US$ Mn and Million Units), By Type, -
15.7.1. Padded Sports Bras
15.7.2. Non-Padded Sports Bras
15.8. Sports Bra Market Size (US$ Mn and Million Units), By Wiring, -
15.8.1. Underwired
15.8.2. Wire free
15.9. Sports Bra Market Size (US$ Mn and Million Units), By Fastening Type, -
15.9.1. Back Fastening
15.9.2. Front Fastening
15.9.3. Overhead
15.10. Sports Bra Market Size (US$ Mn and Million Units), By Material, -
15.10.1. Cotton
15.10.2. Spandex
15.10.3. Polyester
15.10.4. Nylon
15.10.5. Others (Lycra, etc.)
15.11. Sports Bra Market Size (US$ Mn and Million Units), By Age Group, -
15.11.1. Under 20 Years
15.11.2. 20 - 40 Years
15.11.3. 40 - 60 Years
15.11.4. Above 60 Years
15.12. Sports Bra Market Size (US$ Mn and Million Units), By Distribution Channel, -
15.12.1. Online
15.12.1.1. E-commerce Websites
15.12.1.2. Company-owned Websites
15.12.2. Offline
15.12.2.1. Hypermarket/Supermarket
15.12.2.2. Brand Stores
15.12.2.3. Other Retail Stores
15.13. Sports Bra Market Size (US$ Mn and Million Units), By Country, -
15.13.1. China
15.13.2. India
15.13.3. Japan
15.13.4. Australia
15.13.5. South Korea
15.13.6. ASEAN
15.13.7. Rest of Asia Pacific
15.14. Incremental Opportunity Analysis
16. Middle East & Africa Sports Bra Market Analysis and Forecast
16.1. Regional Snapshot
16.2. Key Trend Analysis
16.3. Market Share Analysis (%)
16.4. Demographic Overview
16.5. Consumer Buying Behavior Analysis
16.6. Price Trend Analysis
16.6.1. Weighted Average Selling Price (US$)
16.7. Sports Bra Market Size (US$ Mn and Million Units), By Type, -
16.7.1. Padded Sports Bras
For more Sports Bra Manufacturerinformation, please contact us. We will provide professional answers.
16.7.2. Non-Padded Sports Bras
16.8. Sports Bra Market Size (US$ Mn and Million Units), By Wiring, -
16.8.1. Underwired
16.8.2. Wire free
16.9. Sports Bra Market Size (US$ Mn and Million Units), By Fastening Type, -
16.9.1. Back Fastening
16.9.2. Front Fastening
16.9.3. Overhead
16.10. Sports Bra Market Size (US$ Mn and Million Units), By Material, -
16.10.1. Cotton
16.10.2. Spandex
16.10.3. Polyester
16.10.4. Nylon
16.10.5. Others (Lycra, etc.)
16.11. Sports Bra Market Size (US$ Mn and Million Units), By Age Group, -
16.11.1. Under 20 Years
16.11.2. 20 - 40 Years
16.11.3. 40 - 60 Years
16.11.4. Above 60 Years
16.12. Sports Bra Market Size (US$ Mn and Million Units), By Distribution Channel, -
16.12.1. Online
16.12.1.1. E-commerce Websites
16.12.1.2. Company-owned Websites
16.12.2. Offline
16.12.2.1. Hypermarket/Supermarket
16.12.2.2. Brand Stores
16.12.2.3. Other Retail Stores
16.13. Sports Bra Market Size (US$ Mn and Million Units), By Country, -
16.13.1. GCC
16.13.2. South Africa
16.13.3. Rest of Middle East & Africa
16.14. Incremental Opportunity Analysis
17. South America Sports Bra Market Analysis and Forecast
17.1. Regional Snapshot
17.2. Key Trend Analysis
17.3. Market Share Analysis (%)
17.4. Demographic Overview
17.5. Consumer Buying Behavior Analysis
17.6. Price Trend Analysis
17.6.1. Weighted Average Selling Price (US$)
17.7. Sports Bra Market Size (US$ Mn and Million Units), By Type, -
17.7.1. Padded Sports Bras
17.7.2. Non-Padded Sports Bras
17.8. Sports Bra Market Size (US$ Mn and Million Units), By Wiring, -
17.8.1. Underwired
17.8.2. Wire free
17.9. Sports Bra Market Size (US$ Mn and Million Units), By Fastening Type, -
17.9.1. Back Fastening
17.9.2. Front Fastening
17.9.3. Overhead
17.10. Sports Bra Market Size (US$ Mn and Million Units), By Material, -
17.10.1. Cotton
17.10.2. Spandex
17.10.3. Polyester
17.10.4. Nylon
17.10.5. Others (Lycra, etc.)
17.11. Sports Bra Market Size (US$ Mn and Million Units), By Age Group, -
17.11.1. Under 20 Years
17.11.2. 20 - 40 Years
17.11.3. 40 - 60 Years
17.11.4. Above 60 Years
17.12. Sports Bra Market Size (US$ Mn and Million Units), By Distribution Channel, -
17.12.1. Online
17.12.1.1. E-commerce Websites
17.12.1.2. Company-owned Websites
17.12.2. Offline
17.12.2.1. Hypermarket/Supermarket
17.12.2.2. Brand Stores
17.12.2.3. Other Retail Stores
17.13. Sports Bra Market Size (US$ Mn and Million Units), By Country, -
17.13.1. Brazil
17.13.2. Argentina
17.13.3. Rest of South America
17.14. Incremental Opportunity Analysis
18. Competition Landscape
18.1. Market Player - Competition Dashboard
18.2. Market Share Analysis (%),
18.3. Company Profiles
18.3.1. Lululemon Athletica Inc.
18.3.1.1. Company Overview
18.3.1.2. Sales Area/Geographical Presence
18.3.1.3. Product Portfolio
18.3.1.4. Key Financials
18.3.1.5. Strategy & Business Overview
18.3.2. HanesBrands Inc.
18.3.2.1. Company Overview
18.3.2.2. Sales Area/Geographical Presence
18.3.2.3. Product Portfolio
18.3.2.4. Key Financials
18.3.2.5. Strategy & Business Overview
18.3.3. Calvin Klien Inc.
18.3.3.1. Company Overview
18.3.3.2. Sales Area/Geographical Presence
18.3.3.3. Product Portfolio
18.3.3.4. Key Financials
18.3.3.5. Strategy & Business Overview
18.3.4. Decathlon SA
18.3.4.1. Company Overview
18.3.4.2. Sales Area/Geographical Presence
18.3.4.3. Product Portfolio
18.3.4.4. Key Financials
18.3.4.5. Strategy & Business Overview
18.3.5. Jockey International Inc.
18.3.5.1. Company Overview
18.3.5.2. Sales Area/Geographical Presence
18.3.5.3. Product Portfolio
18.3.5.4. Key Financials
18.3.5.5. Strategy & Business Overview
18.3.6. Nike Inc.
18.3.6.1. Company Overview
18.3.6.2. Sales Area/Geographical Presence
18.3.6.3. Product Portfolio
18.3.6.4. Key Financials
18.3.6.5. Strategy & Business Overview
18.3.7. Adidas AG
18.3.7.1. Company Overview
18.3.7.2. Sales Area/Geographical Presence
18.3.7.3. Product Portfolio
18.3.7.4. Key Financials
18.3.7.5. Strategy & Business Overview
18.3.8. Puma SE
18.3.8.1. Company Overview
18.3.8.2. Sales Area/Geographical Presence
18.3.8.3. Product Portfolio
18.3.8.4. Key Financials
18.3.8.5. Strategy & Business Overview
18.3.9. Under Armour Inc.
18.3.9.1. Company Overview
18.3.9.2. Sales Area/Geographical Presence
18.3.9.3. Product Portfolio
18.3.9.4. Key Financials
18.3.9.5. Strategy & Business Overview
18.3.10. Gap Inc.
18.3.10.1. Company Overview
18.3.10.2. Sales Area/Geographical Presence
18.3.10.3. Product Portfolio
18.3.10.4. Key Financials
18.3.10.5. Strategy & Business Overview
18.3.11. Other Key Players
18.3.11.1. Company Overview
18.3.11.2. Sales Area/Geographical Presence
18.3.11.3. Product Portfolio
18.3.11.4. Key Financials
18.3.11.5. Strategy & Business Overview
19. Go To Market Strategy
List of Tables
Table 01: Global Sports Bra Market Value, by Type US$ Mn, -
Table 02: Global Sports Bra Market Volume, by Type Thousand Units, -
Table 03: Global Sports Bra Market Value, by Wiring US$ Mn, -
Table 04: Global Sports Bra Market Value, by Wiring US$ Mn, -
Table 05: Global Sports Bra Market Value, by Fastening Type, US$ Mn, -
Table 06: Global Sports Bra Market Volume, by Fastening Type, Thousand Units, -
Table 07: Global Sports Bra Market Value, by Material, US$ Mn, -
Table 08: Global Sports Bra Market Volume, by Material, Thousand Units, -
Table 09: Global Sports Bra Market Value, by Age Group US$ Mn, -
Table 10: Global Sports Bra Market Value, by Age Group, US$ Mn, -
Table 11: Global Sports Bra Market Value, by Distribution Channel, US$ Mn, -
Table 12: Global Sports Bra Market Volume, by Distribution Channel, Thousand Units, -
Table 13: Global Sports Bra Market Value, by Country, US$ Mn, -
Table 14: Global Sports Bra Market Volume, by Country, Thousand Units, -
Table 15: North America Sports Bra Market Value, by Type US$ Mn, -
Table 16: North America Sports Bra Market Volume, by Type Thousand Units, -
Table 17: North America Sports Bra Market Value, by Wiring US$ Mn, -
Table 18: North America Sports Bra Market Volume, by Wiring Thousand Units, -
Table 19: North America Sports Bra Market Value, by Fastening Type, US$ Mn, -
Table 20: North America Sports Bra Market Volume, by Fastening Type, Thousand Units, -
Table 21: North America Sports Bra Market Value, by Material, US$ Mn, -
Table 22: North America Sports Bra Market Value, by Material, US$ Mn, -
Table 23: North America Sports Bra Market Value, by Age Group US$ Mn, -
Table 24: North America Sports Bra Market Volume, by Age Group Thousand Units, -
Table 25: North America Sports Bra Market Value, by Distribution Channel, US$ Mn, -
Table 26: North America Sports Bra Market Volume, by Distribution Channel, Thousand Units, -
Table 27: North America Sports Bra Market Value, by Country, US$ Mn, -
Table 28: North America Sports Bra Market Volume, by Country, Thousand Units, -
Table 29: Europe Sports Bra Market Value, by Type US$ Mn, -
Table 30: Europe Sports Bra Market Volume, by Type Thousand Units, -
Table 31: Europe Sports Bra Market Value, by Wiring US$ Mn, -
Table 32: Europe Sports Bra Market Volume, by Wiring Thousand Units, -
Table 33: Europe Sports Bra Market Value, by Fastening Type, US$ Mn, -
Table 34: Europe Sports Bra Market Volume, by Fastening Type, Thousand Units, -
Table 35: Europe Sports Bra Market Value, by Material, US$ Mn, -
Table 36: Europe Sports Bra Market Volume, by Material, Thousand Units, -
Table 37: Europe Sports Bra Market Value, by Age Group US$ Mn, -
Table 38: Europe Sports Bra Market Volume, by Age Group Thousand Units, -
Table 39: Europe Sports Bra Market Value, by Distribution Channel, US$ Mn, -
Table 40: Europe Sports Bra Market Volume, by Distribution Channel, Thousand Units, -
Table 41: Europe Sports Bra Market Value, by Country, US$ Mn, -
Table 42: Europe Sports Bra Market Volume, by Country, Thousand Units, -
Table 43: Asia Pacific Sports Bra Market Value, by Type US$ Mn, -
Table 44: Asia Pacific Sports Bra Market Volume, by Type Thousand Units, -
Table 45: Asia Pacific Sports Bra Market Value, by Wiring US$ Mn, -
Table 46: Asia Pacific Sports Bra Market Volume, by Wiring Thousand Units, -
Table 47: Asia Pacific Sports Bra Market Value, by Fastening Type, US$ Mn, -
Table 48: Asia Pacific Sports Bra Market Volume, by Fastening Type, Thousand Units, -
Table 49: Asia Pacific Sports Bra Market Value, by Material, US$ Mn, -
Table 50: Asia Pacific Sports Bra Market Volume, by Material, Thousand Units, -
Table 51: Asia Pacific Sports Bra Market Value, by Age Group US$ Mn, -
Table 52: Asia Pacific Sports Bra Market Volume, by Age Group Thousand Units, -
Table 53: Asia Pacific Sports Bra Market Value, by Distribution Channel, US$ Mn, -
Table 54: Asia Pacific Sports Bra Market Volume, by Distribution Channel, Thousand Units, -
Table 55: Asia Pacific Sports Bra Market Value, by Country, US$ Mn, -
Table 56: Asia Pacific Sports Bra Market Volume, by Country, Thousand Units, -
Table 57: Middle East & Africa Sports Bra Market Value, by Type US$ Mn, -
Table 58: Middle East & Africa Sports Bra Market Volume, by Type Thousand Units, -
Table 59: Middle East & Africa Sports Bra Market Value, by Wiring US$ Mn, -
Table 60: Middle East & Africa Sports Bra Market Volume, by Wiring Thousand Units, -
Table 61: Middle East & Africa Sports Bra Market Value, by Fastening Type, US$ Mn, -
Table 62: Middle East & Africa Sports Bra Market Volume, by Fastening Type, Thousand Units, -
Table 63: Middle East & Africa Sports Bra Market Value, by Material, US$ Mn, -
Table 64: Middle East & Africa Sports Bra Market Volume, by Material, Thousand Units, -
Table 65: Middle East & Africa Sports Bra Market Value, by Age Group US$ Mn, -
Table 66: Middle East & Africa Sports Bra Market Volume, by Age Group Thousand Units, -
Table 67: Middle East & Africa Sports Bra Market Value, by Distribution Channel, US$ Mn, -
Table 68: Middle East & Africa Sports Bra Market Volume, by Distribution Channel, Thousand Units, -
Table 69: Middle East & Africa Sports Bra Market Value, by Country, US$ Mn, -
Table 70: Middle East & Africa Sports Bra Market Volume, by Country, Thousand Units, -
Table 71: South America Sports Bra Market Value, by Type US$ Mn, -
Table 72: South America Sports Bra Market Volume, by Type Thousand Units, -
Table 73: South America Sports Bra Market Value, by Wiring US$ Mn, -
Table 74: South America Sports Bra Market Volume, by Wiring Thousand Units, -
Table 75: South America Sports Bra Market Value, by Fastening Type, US$ Mn, -
Table 76: South America Sports Bra Market Volume, by Fastening Type, Thousand Units, -
Table 77: South America Sports Bra Market Value, by Material, US$ Mn, -
Table 78: South America Sports Bra Market Volume, by Material, Thousand Units, -
Table 79: South America Sports Bra Market Value, by Age Group US$ Mn, -
Table 80: South America Sports Bra Market Volume, by Age Group Thousand Units, -
Table 81: South America Sports Bra Market Value, by Distribution Channel, US$ Mn, -
Table 82: South America Sports Bra Market Volume, by Distribution Channel, Thousand Units, -
Table 83: South America Sports Bra Market Value, by Country, US$ Mn, -
Table 84: South America Sports Bra Market Volume, by Country, Thousand Units, -
List of Figures
Figure 01: Global Sports Bra Market Value, by Type US$ Mn, -
Figure 02: Global Sports Bra Market Volume, by Type Thousand Units, -
Figure 03: Global Sports Bra Market Incremental Opportunity, by Type -
Figure 04: Global Sports Bra Market Value, by Wiring US$ Mn, -
Figure 05: Global Sports Bra Market Volume, by Wiring Thousand Units, -
Figure 06: Global Sports Bra Market Incremental Opportunity, by Wiring, -
Figure 07: Global Sports Bra Market Value, by Fastening Type, US$ Mn, -
Figure 08: Global Sports Bra Market Volume, by Fastening Type, Thousand Units, -
Figure 09: Global Sports Bra Market Incremental Opportunity, by Fastening Type, -
Figure 10: Global Sports Bra Market Value, by Wiring, US$ Mn, -
Figure 11: Global Sports Bra Market Value, by Wiring, US$ Mn, -
Figure 12: Global Sports Bra Market Incremental Opportunity, by Wiring, -
Figure 13: Global Sports Bra Market Value, by Age Group US$ Mn, -
Figure 14: Global Sports Bra Market Volume, by Age Group Thousand Units, -
Figure 15: Global Sports Bra Market Incremental Opportunity, by Age Group -
Figure 16: Global Sports Bra Market Value, by Distribution Channel, US$ Mn, -
Figure 17: Global Sports Bra Market Volume, by Distribution Channel, Thousand Units, -
Figure 18: Global Sports Bra Market Incremental Opportunity, by Distribution Channel, -
Figure 19: Global Sports Bra Market Value, by Country, US$ Mn, -
Figure 20: Global Sports Bra Market Volume, by Country, Thousand Units, -
Figure 21: Global Sports Bra Market Incremental Opportunity, by Country, -
Figure 22: North America Sports Bra Market Value, by Type US$ Mn, -
Figure 23: North America Sports Bra Market Volume, by Type Thousand Units, -
Figure 24: North America Sports Bra Market Incremental Opportunity, by Type -
Figure 25: North America Sports Bra Market Value, by Wiring US$ Mn, -
Figure 26: North America Sports Bra Market Volume, by Wiring Thousand Units, -
Figure 27: North America Sports Bra Market Incremental Opportunity, by Wiring, -
Figure 28: North America Sports Bra Market Value, by Fastening Type, US$ Mn, -
Figure 29: North America Sports Bra Market Volume, by Fastening Type, Thousand Units, -
Figure 30: North America Sports Bra Market Incremental Opportunity, by Fastening Type, -
Figure 31: North America Sports Bra Market Value, by Wiring, US$ Mn, -
Figure 32: North America Sports Bra Market Value, by Wiring, US$ Mn, -
Figure 33: North America Sports Bra Market Incremental Opportunity, by Wiring, -
Figure 34: North America Sports Bra Market Value, by Age Group US$ Mn, -
Figure 35: North America Sports Bra Market Volume, by Age Group Thousand Units, -
Figure 36: North America Sports Bra Market Incremental Opportunity, by Age Group -
Figure 37: North America Sports Bra Market Value, by Distribution Channel, US$ Mn, -
Figure 38: North America Sports Bra Market Volume, by Distribution Channel, Thousand Units, -
Figure 39: North America Sports Bra Market Incremental Opportunity, by Distribution Channel, -
Figure 40: North America Sports Bra Market Value, by Country, US$ Mn, -
Figure 41: North America Sports Bra Market Volume, by Country, Thousand Units, -
Figure 42: North America Sports Bra Market Incremental Opportunity, by Country, -
Figure 43: Europe Sports Bra Market Value, by Type US$ Mn, -
Figure 44: Europe Sports Bra Market Volume, by Type Thousand Units, -
Figure 45: Europe Sports Bra Market Incremental Opportunity, by Type -
Figure 46: Europe Sports Bra Market Value, by Wiring US$ Mn, -
Figure 47: Europe Sports Bra Market Volume, by Wiring Thousand Units, -
Figure 48: Europe Sports Bra Market Incremental Opportunity, by Wiring, -
Figure 49: Europe Sports Bra Market Value, by Fastening Type, US$ Mn, -
Figure 50: Europe Sports Bra Market Volume, by Fastening Type, Thousand Units, -
Figure 51: Europe Sports Bra Market Incremental Opportunity, by Fastening Type, -
Figure 52: Europe Sports Bra Market Value, by Wiring, US$ Mn, -
Figure 53: Europe Sports Bra Market Value, by Wiring, US$ Mn, -
Figure 54: Europe Sports Bra Market Incremental Opportunity, by Wiring, -
Figure 55: Europe Sports Bra Market Value, by Age Group US$ Mn, -
Figure 56: Europe Sports Bra Market Volume, by Age Group Thousand Units, -
Figure 57: Europe Sports Bra Market Incremental Opportunity, by Age Group -
Figure 58: Europe Sports Bra Market Value, by Distribution Channel, US$ Mn, -
Figure 59: Europe Sports Bra Market Volume, by Distribution Channel, Thousand Units, -
Figure 60: Europe Sports Bra Market Incremental Opportunity, by Distribution Channel, -
Figure 61: Europe Sports Bra Market Value, by Country, US$ Mn, -
Figure 62: Europe Sports Bra Market Volume, by Country, Thousand Units, -
Figure 63: Europe Sports Bra Market Incremental Opportunity, by Country, -
Figure 64: Asia Pacific Sports Bra Market Value, by Type US$ Mn, -
Figure 65: Asia Pacific Sports Bra Market Volume, by Type Thousand Units, -
Figure 66: Asia Pacific Sports Bra Market Incremental Opportunity, by Type -
Figure 67: Asia Pacific Sports Bra Market Value, by Wiring US$ Mn, -
Figure 68: Asia Pacific Sports Bra Market Volume, by Wiring Thousand Units, -
Figure 69: Asia Pacific Sports Bra Market Incremental Opportunity, by Wiring, -
Figure 70: Asia Pacific Sports Bra Market Value, by Fastening Type, US$ Mn, -
Figure 71: Asia Pacific Sports Bra Market Volume, by Fastening Type, Thousand Units, -
Figure 72: Asia Pacific Sports Bra Market Incremental Opportunity, by Fastening Type, -
Figure 73: Asia Pacific Sports Bra Market Value, by Wiring, US$ Mn, -
Figure 74: Asia Pacific Sports Bra Market Value, by Wiring, US$ Mn, -
Figure 75: Asia Pacific Sports Bra Market Incremental Opportunity, by Wiring, -
Figure 76: Asia Pacific Sports Bra Market Value, by Age Group US$ Mn, -
Figure 77: Asia Pacific Sports Bra Market Volume, by Age Group Thousand Units, -
Figure 78: Asia Pacific Sports Bra Market Incremental Opportunity, by Age Group -
Figure 79: Asia Pacific Sports Bra Market Value, by Distribution Channel, US$ Mn, -
Figure 80: Asia Pacific Sports Bra Market Volume, by Distribution Channel, Thousand Units, -
Figure 81: Asia Pacific Sports Bra Market Incremental Opportunity, by Distribution Channel, -
Figure 82: Asia Pacific Sports Bra Market Value, by Country, US$ Mn, -
Figure 83: Asia Pacific Sports Bra Market Volume, by Country, Thousand Units, -
Figure 84: Asia Pacific Sports Bra Market Incremental Opportunity, by Country, -
Figure 85: Middle East & Africa Sports Bra Market Value, by Type US$ Mn, -
Figure 86: Middle East & Africa Sports Bra Market Volume, by Type Thousand Units, -
Figure 87: Middle East & Africa Sports Bra Market Incremental Opportunity, by Type -
Figure 88: Middle East & Africa Sports Bra Market Value, by Wiring US$ Mn, -
Figure 89: Middle East & Africa Sports Bra Market Volume, by Wiring Thousand Units, -
Figure 90: Middle East & Africa Sports Bra Market Incremental Opportunity, by Wiring, -
Figure 91: Middle East & Africa Sports Bra Market Value, by Fastening Type, US$ Mn, -
Figure 92: Middle East & Africa Sports Bra Market Volume, by Fastening Type, Thousand Units, -
Figure 93: Middle East & Africa Sports Bra Market Incremental Opportunity, by Fastening Type, -
Figure 94: Middle East & Africa Sports Bra Market Value, by Wiring, US$ Mn, -
Figure 95: Middle East & Africa Sports Bra Market Value, by Wiring, US$ Mn, -
Figure 96: Middle East & Africa Sports Bra Market Incremental Opportunity, by Wiring, -
Figure 97: Middle East & Africa Sports Bra Market Value, by Age Group US$ Mn, -
Figure 98: Middle East & Africa Sports Bra Market Volume, by Age Group Thousand Units, -
Figure 99: Middle East & Africa Sports Bra Market Incremental Opportunity, by Age Group -
Figure 100: Middle East & Africa Sports Bra Market Value, by Distribution Channel, US$ Mn, -
Figure 101: Middle East & Africa Sports Bra Market Volume, by Distribution Channel, Thousand Units, -
Figure 102: Middle East & Africa Sports Bra Market Incremental Opportunity, by Distribution Channel, -
Figure 103: Middle East & Africa Sports Bra Market Value, by Country, US$ Mn, -
Figure 104: Middle East & Africa Sports Bra Market Volume, by Country, Thousand Units, -
Figure 105: Middle East & Africa Sports Bra Market Incremental Opportunity, by Country, -
Figure 106: South America Sports Bra Market Value, by Type, US$ Mn, -
Figure 107: South America Sports Bra Market Volume, by Type, Thousand Units, -
Figure 108: South America Sports Bra Market Incremental Opportunity, by Type -
Figure 109: South America Sports Bra Market Value, by Wiring US$ Mn, -
Figure 110: South America Sports Bra Market Volume, by Wiring Thousand Units, -
Figure 111: South America Sports Bra Market Incremental Opportunity, by Wiring, -
Figure 112: South America Sports Bra Market Value, by Fastening Type, US$ Mn, -
Figure 113: South America Sports Bra Market Volume, by Fastening Type, Thousand Units, -
Figure 114: South America Sports Bra Market Incremental Opportunity, by Fastening Type, -
Figure 115: South America Sports Bra Market Value, by Wiring, US$ Mn, -
Figure 116: South America Sports Bra Market Value, by Wiring, US$ Mn, -
Figure 117: South America Sports Bra Market Incremental Opportunity, by Wiring, -
Figure 118: South America Sports Bra Market Value, by Age Group US$ Mn, -
Figure 119: South America Sports Bra Market Volume, by Age Group Thousand Units, -
Figure 120: South America Sports Bra Market Incremental Opportunity, by Age Group -
Figure 121: South America Sports Bra Market Value, by Distribution Channel, US$ Mn, -
Figure 122: South America Sports Bra Market Volume, by Distribution Channel, Thousand Units, -
Figure 123: South America Sports Bra Market Incremental Opportunity, by Distribution Channel, -
Figure 124: South America Sports Bra Market Value, by Country, US$ Mn, -
Figure 125: South America Sports Bra Market Volume, by Country, Thousand Units, -
Figure 126: South America Sports Bra Market Incremental Opportunity, by Country, -
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