Aug. 04, 2025
Agriculture
EPDM is our most commonly extruded elastomer for rubber seals. It is a very good compound for use in outdoor applications as it is very resistant to weathering and ozone exposure (A quick note on ozone exposure: Ozone is found in the air in small quantities but creates an aging effect on elastomers that looks like cracking or dry rot. This reduces the performance of the material and after time will require the replacement of the seal). EPDM is not recommended where the medium it will operate in will have exposure to oils and gas, but it is water resistant and maintains its flexibility in low temperatures. In general EPDM will operate well in a temperature range of -80°F to 300°F.
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Like EPDM, silicone is very resilient against the effects of ozone and UV light. If your application is going to expose it to gas, oil or acids or if it needs to have strong tensile strength it probably wouldn’t be the material of choice. Silicone is a more expensive elastomer than EPDM, but it has some benefits over EPDM that make it the material of choice for some applications. The key benefit that silicone has over EPDM is tolerance to cold and heat. Silicone can operate under conditions from -180°F to 525°F. This ability to withstand high heat makes silicone ideal for uses like sealing autoclaves. Silicone is an expensive option, but critical for extreme heat environments.
Neoprene is resistant to oils, ozone, and water amongst other things. Unlike silicone it resists cracking and abrasions when under stress or impact. Its operating range within cold and hot temperatures is similar to rubber, -80°F to 300°F. Neoprene is used in windows, electrical enclosures, expansion joints and lots of other applications. Neoprene costs a bit more than EPDM but won’t break the bank like a silicone compound.
Nitrile is in the middle of the road from a cost standpoint. It’s a great choice for applications such as oil seals, aircraft hoses, or anywhere resistance to oil, fuel and chemicals is important. Its optimal operating temperature range is from -55°F to 275°F, so not the best choice for extreme temperature ranges. Nitrile doesn’t do well resisting the aging effects of sunlight or exposure to the elements but can be compounded in order to increase its resistance to these effects.
PVC has a limited temperature rating of -20°F to 158°F. PVC is a thermoplastic, which means that it is cured when it cools down. This is very different from the other elastomers in this article, which are thermosets...meaning they cure when heated up. So if PVC gets too hot it can become deformed. PVC can fade in sunlight, but Uni-Grip’s PVC has an additive to reduce the effects of fading, making it a good choice for outdoor conditions. If there will be exposure to oil or gas, then you may want to choose a different material as PVC doesn’t resist these materials well.
When choosing seals, you should consider several factors, including the type of seal, its application, seal material, hardness, and attachment. We manufacture a wide range of seals, including:
We supply a range of seal materials for different environments. Materials may withstand exposure to cold and hot water, fuels, hydraulic fluids, or extreme ambient temperatures. Choices include EPDM synthetic rubbers, nitrile rubber, silicone, and PVC. Many of the seals incorporate a metallic core to increase strength and rigidity. Sponge rubber is used for door seals, while dense rubber has better impact absorption properties. Some seals have a dual durometer with a more rigid mounting material and a less dense seal. Attachment options include flange mounting, pedestal mount, and adhesive mounts.
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Further reading:In oil and gas applications, sealing devices are critical to prevent unwanted dirt, water, dust or other debris from contaminating products. When it comes to finding the right seal for these applications, material selection is key. Every rubber material has unique benefits that must align with the requirements in oil applications, such as chemical compatibility, temperature and pressure ranges.
Apple Rubber recommends the following rubber materials for oil applications. For more information about each material, visit our Material Selection Guide.
Nitrile is the sealing industries most economical and widely used material. It’s most commonly used in a wide range of oil applications, as well as automotive, marine, aircraft fuel and military applications. The most notable benefits of Nitrile for oil seals include:
Viton® is a synthetic rubber typically used in o-rings, gaskets, lip seals and other molded sealing devices for oil applications. High fluorine grades of Viton® offer excellent resistance to swell in high octane and oxygenated fuel blends, making it the ideal sealing material for ethanol/methanol blended gasoline. Other important benefits of Viton® include:
Silicone offers one of the widest working temperature ranges of all elastomers. Silicone is most known for its flexibility and low compression set characteristics, making it an optimal choice for o-rings and other molded seals. The most important benefits of silicone in oil applications include:
Fluorosilicone combines the temperature stability of silicone with resistance to fuels, oils and solvents. Fluorosilicone is most often used in aerospace fuel applications and automotive fuel emission control, however it is becoming increasingly popular in a wider range of oil applications. Some of the unique characteristics of fluorosilicone include:
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