Jun. 30, 2025
Canada has been producing natural gas for nearly a century. Today, thanks to industrial advancements, Canada boasts extensive natural gas infrastructure, and the world-class expertise and technology you would expect from a reliable and resilient natural gas sector. According to the International Energy Agency, Canada is fourth in global natural gas exports and fifth in global production.
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Canada’s natural gas deposits are among the largest and most productive in the world. There’s about 300 years’ worth, at current rates of production. That’s 1,566 trillion cubic feet, or 44 trillion cubic metres, of marketable natural gas resources, which puts us in the top tier globally. Considering that the average natural gas well pumps roughly 250,000 - 350,000 cubic feet per day, it would take one well roughly 3,000,000 days to pump one trillion cubic feet equivalent of natural gas.
Canada is committed to maintaining investor certainty. It:
Canada recently updated its environmental and regulatory processes to ensure even greater public trust and help to get resources to market responsibly. These new processes are robust, incorporate science, protect the environment, integrate traditional knowledge of Indigenous people and support economic growth.
At the same time, the country is renewing its relationship with Indigenous peoples and their communities. Exporting resources to the world begins with strong community engagement at home. "Our first priority is that LNG projects in our province are approved for the right reasons. It is vital that we strive to protect our environment, while at the same time pursue sustainable economic development opportunities for First Nations communities and our province," says Karen Ogen-Toews, CEO of the First Nations LNG Alliance.
Canada has also introduced new 40-year LNG export licenses to support proponents who work from longer business cases. The Canada Energy Regulator has already issued 10 of these long-term export licences, totalling approximately 155 Million tonnes per year.
The LNG facilities proposed for the east coast are six to eight shipping days from Europe and for the west coast are about 10 shipping days from Asia, which actually puts Canada closer than some traditional suppliers from the Middle East and Africa.
Time is money. And Canada can help investors save lots of it.
The Government of Canada believes in the long-term viability of a sustainable and responsible LNG sector and is committed to advancing natural resource development projects in collaboration with the provinces and Indigenous communities.
Governments across the country collaborate to support resource industries, including providing information about North American resources and markets; supporting investment in Canadian projects and industries; promoting international trade; working to ensure marine and pipeline safety; and supporting Indigenous and community consultation and engagement.
These are the benefits of investing in a country with a strong democratic tradition and a demonstrated respect for property rights and the rule of law.
Investors in Canada can take advantage of business opportunities throughout the natural gas value chain. Whether it’s upstream exploration and production, natural gas processing, natural gas liquids, petrochemicals, pipelines, LNG export terminals or global shipping. “We have the resource. […] We should be trying to develop that product here and liquefy it here”, said Byng Giraud, Vice-President Corporate Affairs, Pacific Oil & Gas – Woodfibre LNG.
Bottom line? Canada is open for business. Because the resources are plentiful, the opportunities are real, and time is valuable.
Contact Natural Resources Canada to learn more about LNG in Canada.
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Today, the United States is the world’s largest producer of natural gas. Natural gas supplies about 1/3 of the United States’ primary energy consumption, with its primary uses being heating and generating electricity. While the majority of natural gas is delivered in its gaseous form via pipeline in the United States, the growth in the international market for natural gas has given rise to the use of natural gas in a liquefied form, or LNG.
LNG Basics
Liquefied natural gas (LNG) is natural gas that has been cooled to a liquid state, at about -260° Fahrenheit, for shipping and storage. The volume of natural gas in its liquid state is about 600 times smaller than its volume in its gaseous state. This process makes it possible to transport natural gas to places pipelines do not reach.
Liquefying natural gas is a way to move natural gas long distances when pipeline transport is not feasible. Markets that are too far away from producing regions to be connected directly to pipelines have access to natural gas because of LNG. In its compact liquid form, natural gas can be shipped in special tankers to terminals around the world. At these terminals, the LNG is returned to its gaseous state and transported by pipeline to distribution companies, industrial consumers, and power plants.
LNG Trade
For large-volume ocean transport, LNG is loaded onto double-hulled ships, which are used for both safety and insulating purposes. Once the ship arrives at the receiving port, LNG is off-loaded into well-insulated storage tanks, and later regasified for entrance into a pipeline distribution network.
LNG can also be shipped in smaller quantities, usually over shorter ocean distances. There is a growing trade in small-scale LNG shipments, which are most commonly made using the same containers used on trucks and in international trade, specially outfitted with cryogenic tanks. Other small-scale LNG activities include “peak-shaver” liquefaction and storage facilities, which can hold gas compactly for when it is needed in local markets in the U.S. during times of peak demand. LNG is also sometimes imported or exported by truck from this kind of facility.
In , the U.S. exported almost 2,400 billion cubic feet (Bcf) of natural gas in the form of LNG in large LNG tanker ships, along with a small quantity shipped by container or in trucks. In total, as of August , U.S. LNG has been delivered to 40 countries on five continents. The U.S. also still imports some LNG, mostly to New England, a region of the country constrained by limited pipeline and storage capacity.
DOE's Role
The Department of Energy has regulatory responsibilities related to LNG. Companies that want to export natural gas must get authorization to do so from DOE’s Office of Fossil Energy and Carbon Management (FECM). The Natural Gas Act (NGA) requires DOE to make public interest determinations on applications to export LNG to countries where the U.S. does not have existing free trade agreements. FECM’s natural gas import-export regulatory program is implemented by the Division of Regulation in the Office of Regulation, Analysis, and Engagement.
There are two standards of review under the NGA for LNG export applications, based on destination countries. Applications to export LNG to countries with which the United States has a free trade agreement (FTA countries) or to import LNG from any source are deemed automatically in the public interest. The NGA directs DOE to evaluate applications to export LNG to non-FTA countries. DOE is required to grant export authority to non-FTA countries, unless the Department finds that the proposed exports will not be consistent with the public interest, or where trade is explicitly prohibited by law or policy. DOE acts on long-term LNG export applications to non-FTA countries after completing a public interest review that includes several criteria, including economic and environmental review of the proposed export. Typically, the Federal Energy Regulatory Commission (FERC) has jurisdiction over the siting, construction, and operation of LNG export facilities in the U.S. In these cases, FERC leads the environmental impact assessments of proposed projects consistent with the National Environmental Policy Act, and DOE is typically a cooperating agency as part of these reviews. Obtaining a DOE authorization to export LNG to non-FTA countries is an important step for most projects in their path toward financing and construction.
Some of the companies that have LNG export authorizations from DOE have not reached final investment decisions on their projects. Construction of large facilities takes years to complete and costs billions of dollars. A complete list of long-term LNG export applications and their current status can be found in DOE’s Summary of LNG Export Applications.
DOE also promotes market transparency with published reports on LNG export volumes, destinations, and prices in its LNG Monthly Report. The first-ever exports of domestically-produced LNG from the lower-48 states occurred in February . Cheniere Energy’s Sabine Pass Liquefaction, LLC exported the first LNG tanker cargo from the Sabine Pass LNG Terminal in Louisiana, with a shipment to Brazil.
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